The Environment in Numbers

By Negin Vaghefi

November 2020 STATISTICS
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RAPID URBANISATION, economic development, population growth, limited land area and industrial expansion all pose significant environmental challenges for Penang. This includes air and water pollution, landslides, flash floods and solid waste management. Air Quality Malaysia uses the Air Pollution Index (API) to assess the ambient air quality based on the health risks of air pollution. The air quality in Penang is monitored at four stations, namely Balik Pulau, Minden, Seberang Jaya and Seberang Perai. The state’s overall air quality worsened...

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Negin Vaghefi

is a senior analyst at Penang Institute. She holds a Ph.D. in Environmental Economics. Her research interests include agri-environmental economics, climate change, green economics, poverty and income inequality, and policy analysis.

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